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H.R. 28Passed House
Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025
Introduced: Jan 3, 2025
Latest action date: Jan 15, 2025
Latest development
Received in the Senate.
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- Congress
- 119th Congress
- Introduced
- Jan 3, 2025
- Recorded roll calls
- 2
Status detail: The full action history records passage in the House.
Plain-language overview
What this bill does
Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025
This bill generally prohibits school athletic programs from allowing individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in programs that are for women or girls.
Specifically, the bill provides that it is a violation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 for federally funded education programs or activities to operate, sponsor, or facilitate athletic programs or activities that allow individuals of the male sex to participate in programs or activities that are designated for women or girls. (Title IX prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in federally funded education programs or activities, including in public elementary and secondary schools and in colleges and universities.) Under the bill, sex is based on an individual's reproductive biology and genetics at birth.
The bill does not prohibit male individuals from training or practicing with programs or activities for women or girls as long as such training or practice does not deprive any female of corresponding opportunities or benefits.
The Government Accountability Office must report on the benefits for women or girls in single-sex sports that would be lost as a result of male participation. In particular, the report must document the negative psychological, developmental, participatory, and sociological effects of male participation on girls.
Official summary from Congress.gov · checked Oct 29, 2026.
Civixly topics
What this legislation is about
Civixly topics make federal and state legislation comparable. They are derived from the official CRS policy area and legislative subjects.
Official CRS policy area
Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues
View 4 official legislative subjects
AthletesEducation programs fundingSchool athleticsSex, gender, sexual orientation discrimination
Committee activity
Committees and subcommittees that received, reviewed, marked up, or reported this legislation.
Official committee record ↗
Amendments
Proposed changes to this measure, with their latest official outcome or action from Congress.gov.
No amendments are listed for this measure.
Checked against Congress.gov Oct 27, 2026.
Action timeline
Newest action first. Action language comes from the official Congress.gov record.
View full action timeline15 actions
Received in the Senate.
IntroReferralSenateMotion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
FloorHouse floor actionsOn passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 218 - 206, 1 Present (Roll no. 12). (text: CR H126)
FloorHouse floor actionsPassed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 218 - 206, 1 Present (Roll no. 12). (text: CR H126)
FloorLibrary of CongressOn motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 208 - 218 (Roll no. 11).
FloorHouse floor actionsConsidered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H139-140)
FloorHouse floor actionsPOSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H.R. 28, the Chair put the question on the motion to recommit and announced that the noes had prevailed. Ms. Adams demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.
FloorHouse floor actionsThe previous question on the motion to recommit was ordered pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX.
FloorHouse floor actionsMs. Adams moved to recommit to the Committee on Education and Workforce. (text: CR H137)
FloorHouse floor actionsThe previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
FloorHouse floor actionsDEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 28.
FloorHouse floor actionsConsidered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 5. (consideration: CR H126-138)
FloorHouse floor actionsIntroduced in House
IntroReferralLibrary of CongressReferred to the House Committee on Education and Workforce.
IntroReferralHouse floor actionsIntroduced in House
IntroReferralLibrary of Congress
Roll-call votes
Recorded House and Senate votes connected to this bill. Your representatives appear first when available.
FailedJan 14, 2025House · Roll call 11
On Motion to Recommit
218 Nay208 Yea8 Not Voting
View 434 recorded positions
Aaron BeanNay
Adam GrayYea
Adam SmithYea
Adrian SmithNay
Al GreenYea
Ami BeraYea
André CarsonYea
Andrew OglesNay
Andy BarrNay
Andy BiggsNay
Andy HarrisNay
Angie CraigYea
Ann WagnerNay
Austin ScottNay
Barry MooreNay
Becca BalintYea
Ben ClineNay
Bill FosterYea
Blake MooreNay
Brad FinstadNay
Brad KnottNay
Brad ShermanNot Voting
Brandon GillNay
Brian BabinNay
Brian JackNay
Brittany PettersenNot Voting
Bryan SteilNay
Chip RoyNay
Chris PappasYea
Clay HigginsNay
Cleo FieldsYea
Cliff BentzNay
Cory MillsNay
Dan CrenshawNay
Dan NewhouseNay
Darin LaHoodNay
Darrell IssaNay
Darren SotoYea
Dave MinYea
David RouzerNay
David ScottYea
Deborah RossYea
Derek TranYea
Diana HarshbargerNot Voting
Dina TitusYea
Don BaconNay
Doug LaMalfaNay
Dwight EvansYea
Ed CaseYea
Elijah CraneNay
Eric SwalwellNot Voting
Erin HouchinNay
Gabe AmoYea
Gabe EvansNay
Gabe VasquezYea
George WhitesidesNot Voting
Gerald E. ConnollyYea
Glenn IveyYea
Grace MengYea
Greg CasarYea
Greg StantonYea
Gwen MooreYea
Ilhan OmarYea
Jack BergmanNay
Jahana HayesYea
Jake EllzeyNay
James ComerNay
Jamie RaskinYea
Jason CrowYea
Jason SmithNay
Jeff CrankNay
Jeff HurdNay
Jim CostaYea
Jim JordanNay
Jimmy GomezYea
Joe CourtneyYea
Joe NeguseYea
Joe WilsonNay
John CornynYea
John JamesNay
John JoyceNay
John W. RoseNay
Josh HarderYea
Josh RileyYea
Joyce BeattyYea
Juan VargasYea
Judy ChuYea
Julia LetlowNay
Kat CammackNay
Kathy CastorYea
Keith SelfNay
Ken CalvertNay
Kevin HernNay
Kevin KileyNay
Kevin MullinYea
Kim SchrierYea
Kweisi MfumeYea
Lance GoodenNay
Laura GillenYea
Lisa C. McClainNot Voting
Lois FrankelYea
Lori TrahanYea
Lucy McBathYea
Luz M. RivasYea
Marcy KapturYea
Marjorie Taylor GreeneNay
Mark AlfordNay
Mark E. GreenNay
Mark HarrisNay
Mark PocanYea
Mark TakanoYea
Mike BostNay
Mike CollinsNay
Mike EzellNay
Mike FloodNay
Mike JohnsonNay
Mike KellyNay
Mike KennedyNay
Mike LevinYea
Mike QuigleyYea
Mike RogersNay
Mikie SherrillYea
Nancy MaceNay
Nancy PelosiNot Voting
Neal P. DunnNay
Nellie PouYea
Nick LaLotaNay
Pat FallonNay
Pat HarriganNay
Patrick RyanYea
Pete AguilarYea
Pete StauberNay
Ralph NormanNay
Raúl M. GrijalvaNot Voting
Raul RuizYea
Rick LarsenYea
Ro KhannaYea
Ron EstesNay
Russ FulcherNay
Russell FryNay
Sam GravesNay
Sara JacobsYea
Sean CastenYea
Seth MoultonYea
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormickYea
Sheri BiggsNay
Steve CohenYea
Steve WomackNay
Susie LeeYea
Sylvester TurnerYea
Ted LieuYea
Tim BurchettNay
Tim MooreNay
Tim WalbergNay
Tom BarrettNay
Tom EmmerNay
Tony GonzalesNay
Tony WiedNay
Tracey MannNay
Trent KellyNay
Troy DowningNay
Val T. HoyleYea
Vince FongNay
W000823Nay
Wesley BellYea
Wesley HuntNay
Young KimNay
Zachary NunnNay
Zoe LofgrenYea
PassedJan 14, 2025House · Roll call 12
On Passage
218 Yea206 Nay9 Not Voting1 Present
View 434 recorded positions
Aaron BeanYea
Adam GrayNay
Adam SmithNay
Adrian SmithYea
Al GreenNay
Ami BeraNay
André CarsonNay
Andrew OglesYea
Andy BarrYea
Andy BiggsYea
Andy HarrisYea
Angie CraigNay
Ann WagnerYea
Austin ScottYea
Barry MooreYea
Becca BalintNay
Ben ClineYea
Bill FosterNay
Blake MooreYea
Brad FinstadYea
Brad KnottYea
Brad ShermanNot Voting
Brandon GillYea
Brian BabinYea
Brian JackYea
Brittany PettersenNot Voting
Bryan SteilYea
Chip RoyYea
Chris PappasNay
Clay HigginsYea
Cleo FieldsNay
Cliff BentzYea
Cory MillsYea
Dan CrenshawYea
Dan NewhouseYea
Darin LaHoodYea
Darrell IssaYea
Darren SotoNay
Dave MinNay
David RouzerYea
David ScottNay
Deborah RossNay
Derek TranNay
Diana HarshbargerNot Voting
Dina TitusNay
Don BaconYea
Donald G. DavisPresent
Doug LaMalfaYea
Dwight EvansNay
Ed CaseNay
Elijah CraneYea
Elise M. StefanikNot Voting
Eric SwalwellNot Voting
Erin HouchinYea
Gabe AmoNay
Gabe EvansYea
Gabe VasquezNay
George WhitesidesNot Voting
Gerald E. ConnollyNay
Glenn IveyNay
Grace MengNay
Greg CasarNay
Greg StantonNay
Gwen MooreNay
Ilhan OmarNay
Jack BergmanYea
Jahana HayesNay
Jake EllzeyYea
James ComerYea
Jamie RaskinNay
Jason CrowNay
Jason SmithYea
Jeff CrankYea
Jeff HurdYea
Jim CostaNay
Jim JordanYea
Jimmy GomezNay
Joe CourtneyNay
Joe NeguseNay
Joe WilsonYea
John CornynNay
John JamesYea
John JoyceYea
John W. RoseYea
Josh HarderNay
Josh RileyNay
Joyce BeattyNay
Juan VargasNay
Judy ChuNay
Julia LetlowYea
Kat CammackYea
Kathy CastorNay
Keith SelfYea
Ken CalvertYea
Kevin HernYea
Kevin KileyYea
Kevin MullinNay
Kim SchrierNay
Kweisi MfumeNay
Lance GoodenYea
Laura GillenNay
Lisa C. McClainNot Voting
Lois FrankelNay
Lori TrahanNay
Lucy McBathNay
Luz M. RivasNay
Marcy KapturNay
Marjorie Taylor GreeneYea
Mark AlfordYea
Mark E. GreenYea
Mark HarrisYea
Mark PocanNay
Mark TakanoNay
Mike BostYea
Mike CollinsYea
Mike EzellYea
Mike FloodYea
Mike JohnsonYea
Mike KellyYea
Mike KennedyYea
Mike LevinNay
Mike QuigleyNay
Mike RogersYea
Mikie SherrillNay
Nancy MaceYea
Nancy PelosiNot Voting
Neal P. DunnYea
Nellie PouNay
Nick LaLotaYea
Pat FallonYea
Pat HarriganYea
Patrick RyanNay
Pete AguilarNay
Pete StauberYea
Ralph NormanYea
Raúl M. GrijalvaNot Voting
Raul RuizNay
Rick LarsenNay
Ro KhannaNay
Ron EstesYea
Russ FulcherYea
Russell FryYea
Sam GravesYea
Sara JacobsNay
Sean CastenNay
Seth MoultonNay
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormickNay
Sheri BiggsYea
Steve CohenNay
Steve WomackYea
Susie LeeNay
Sylvester TurnerNay
Ted LieuNay
Tim BurchettYea
Tim MooreYea
Tim WalbergYea
Tom BarrettYea
Tom EmmerYea
Tony GonzalesYea
Tony WiedYea
Tracey MannYea
Trent KellyYea
Troy DowningYea
Val T. HoyleNay
Vince FongYea
W000823Yea
Wesley BellNay
Wesley HuntYea
Young KimYea
Zachary NunnYea
Zoe LofgrenNay
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